Potassium citrate is a medication frequently prescribed for the management of kidney stones, particularly those composed of calcium oxalate or uric acid. It functions by raising urine pH and increasing citrate levels. Elevated urine pH helps dissolve uric acid crystals and prevents calcium salts from crystallizing. The increased citrate binds to calcium in the urine, reducing the amount of free calcium available to form calcium oxalate stones. This mechanism makes it a valuable tool in preventative kidney stone treatment.
The significance of potassium citrate lies in its ability to alter urinary composition in a way that inhibits stone formation and promotes stone dissolution. This approach to stone management offers several benefits, including a reduction in the frequency of stone recurrence, less need for invasive procedures to remove stones, and improved patient quality of life. Historically, dietary modifications and hydration were the primary strategies for preventing kidney stones; however, potassium citrate provides a more targeted and effective pharmacological intervention.
