The process of determining the precise amounts of macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), electrolytes, and fluids required for intravenous feeding is a crucial aspect of nutritional support. This determination ensures that patients unable to receive adequate nutrition through oral or enteral routes receive a customized and balanced formulation. For example, a patient with severe bowel obstruction may require a tailored solution based on their weight, metabolic state, and kidney function to prevent overfeeding or nutrient deficiencies.
Accurate determination of nutritional needs is vital for optimizing patient outcomes, promoting wound healing, supporting immune function, and preventing complications associated with malnutrition or refeeding syndrome. Historically, standardized formulas were used, but the understanding of individual metabolic needs has driven the development of personalized approaches. Such personalized planning reduces morbidity and mortality and ensures efficient utilization of healthcare resources.
