Mental arithmetic for elementary school is the practice of performing mathematical calculations solely in one’s mind, without the aid of physical tools such as calculators, paper, or abaci. An example would be a student quickly determining the sum of 25 and 17 in their head to arrive at 42.
This cognitive skill fosters enhanced number sense, improved memory, and heightened concentration. Its historical significance lies in its role as a fundamental building block for mathematical proficiency, predating the widespread availability of computational devices. Regular practice cultivates problem-solving abilities and strengthens mathematical fluency applicable across various disciplines.