The determination of a soil’s mass per unit volume when completely dried is a fundamental procedure in geotechnical engineering. This measurement involves oven-drying a soil sample to remove all moisture, then dividing the mass of the dried soil by its original volume. For example, if a soil sample with an initial volume of 100 cubic centimeters yields a dry mass of 120 grams after oven-drying, the result of the division is 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter.
This procedure is crucial for various reasons, primarily in assessing soil compaction and stability. Higher values generally indicate greater compaction and improved load-bearing capacity, which is essential for the design and construction of foundations, embankments, and roadways. Historically, this parameter has been a key factor in determining the suitability of sites for construction projects, minimizing the risk of settlement and structural failure. The parameter facilitates informed decisions regarding soil improvement techniques, such as compaction or stabilization, to meet specific project requirements.