Determining the number of leukocytes present in a blood sample is a fundamental procedure in clinical hematology. This process involves diluting a measured volume of blood with a specific solution, followed by counting the cells under a microscope or using an automated cell counter. The final result is expressed as the number of white blood cells per unit volume of blood, typically microliters (L) or liters (L). For instance, a result may indicate 7,000 white blood cells per microliter, which falls within the normal reference range.
Accurate quantification of these cells is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions. Deviations from the normal range can indicate infections, inflammatory processes, immune disorders, or even certain types of cancer. Historically, manual counting methods were laborious and prone to error. The advent of automated hematology analyzers has significantly improved the speed, precision, and accuracy of this critical laboratory test, contributing to better patient care and clinical decision-making. It allows clinicians to evaluate the body’s immune response and overall health status.
