This assessment reflects the maximum amount of iron that can be bound by transferrin and other proteins present in the blood. Clinically, it aids in the evaluation of iron metabolism and provides insight into potential deficiencies or excesses. For instance, a value higher than the reference range might indicate iron deficiency, whereas a lower value could suggest iron overload or chronic inflammation.
Its determination is essential for differentiating between various types of anemia and other iron-related disorders. Historically, it has been a vital tool in diagnosing conditions such as iron deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis, and anemia of chronic disease. Understanding its relationship to serum iron levels and transferrin saturation offers a more complete picture of iron status.