This analytical parameter is a ratio derived from chromatographic measurements. It involves dividing the adjusted retention time of one compound by that of another, typically a standard. This normalizes retention data, mitigating the impact of minor variations in instrumental conditions. For example, if a compound elutes at 10 minutes and a standard at 5 minutes, and their dead time (void volume) is 1 minute, the adjusted retention times are 9 and 4 minutes respectively. Therefore, the value is 9/4, or 2.25.
The determination of this value is beneficial because it provides a more reproducible means of compound identification than absolute retention time. Fluctuations in flow rate, column temperature, or stationary phase aging can shift absolute retention times. However, by referencing a standard, the effects of these variations are minimized. Historically, its use simplified qualitative analysis and method transfer between different laboratories or instruments before advanced software corrections were widely available.