An instrument, either physical or software-based, enables the user to determine the total power requirement of various household or commercial devices intended to be powered by a generator. This tool generally requires the user to input the wattage of each appliance they intend to use simultaneously. Some advanced versions may also incorporate surge wattage considerations, which accounts for the higher initial power demand of certain appliances upon startup. For example, if one plans to run a refrigerator (150 watts running, 600 watts surge), a television (100 watts), and several lights (totaling 50 watts), the tool calculates the aggregate power needed to operate all devices.
The use of such an instrument is vital for selecting a generator with adequate capacity. Overloading a generator can damage the generator itself and the connected appliances. The instrument also aids in efficient generator sizing, preventing the purchase of an unnecessarily large and expensive generator.Historically, these calculations were performed manually using wattage information found on appliance labels. However, modern instruments offer convenience and accuracy, often including databases of common appliance wattages and surge power requirements. This eliminates the need for manual lookups and reduces the potential for human error.
The following sections will delve into the specific components typically found in such instruments, explore practical methods for data gathering regarding individual device power needs, and discuss how to interpret the results to choose the appropriate generator for a specific application.
1. Wattage Identification
Wattage identification forms the foundational element for any reliable power calculation associated with generator usage. Without accurate knowledge of individual appliance power consumption, estimations become unreliable, potentially leading to generator overload or inefficient operation.
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Nameplate Reading and Specification Sheets
Most appliances feature a nameplate, typically located on the back or underside, indicating the device’s wattage or amperage and voltage. Specification sheets available from the manufacturer also provide this data. This direct information is the most reliable source for establishing a device’s running wattage. However, care must be taken to note whether the value represents maximum or typical consumption. Misinterpreting these values can lead to erroneous generator size calculations.
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Wattage Meters
For appliances where the nameplate is missing or potentially inaccurate, a wattage meter can provide a real-time measurement of power consumption. These devices are plugged into an outlet, and the appliance is then plugged into the meter. The meter displays the actual wattage being drawn. This method is particularly useful for appliances with variable power draw, such as refrigerators that cycle on and off, or devices with adjustable settings. Obtaining wattage information during periods of peak use is crucial for accurate calculations.
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Estimating Wattage Based on Appliance Type
When direct wattage data is unavailable, a reasonable estimate can be made based on the appliance type. Standardized lists provide typical wattage ranges for common household devices. For example, a standard incandescent light bulb typically draws between 40 and 100 watts, while a microwave oven may require 600 to 1200 watts. While this method introduces potential inaccuracies, it can serve as a starting point when more precise data is not obtainable. It’s crucial to overestimate rather than underestimate in these cases to ensure adequate generator capacity.
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Understanding Power Factor and VA vs. Watts
For some appliances, particularly those with electric motors or inductive loads, the power factor must be considered. Power factor is the ratio of real power (watts) to apparent power (volt-amperes, or VA). If the appliance only lists VA, it’s crucial to understand that the actual wattage drawn will be less than or equal to the VA rating. To calculate the wattage, multiply VA by the power factor (which is usually between 0 and 1). Neglecting the power factor can result in selecting an undersized generator, particularly for applications involving numerous motors or inductive loads.
The precision of the data inputted into the appliance wattage calculator directly affects the accuracy of the generator sizing calculation. Therefore, employing multiple methods for wattage identification and erring on the side of overestimation are crucial for ensuring reliable generator operation and avoiding potential damage to appliances or the generator itself. Accurate wattage identification is the first, and arguably the most critical, step in correctly sizing a generator.
2. Surge Wattage
Surge wattage is a critical consideration when utilizing a power calculation instrument for generator sizing, as it accounts for the brief, elevated power demand exhibited by many motor-driven appliances during startup. This initial power surge often significantly exceeds the appliance’s typical running wattage. Failure to account for surge wattage during power calculation results in potential generator overload and subsequent equipment damage or operational failure. For example, a refrigerator may have a running wattage of 150 watts, but its surge wattage can reach 600 watts due to the power required to start the compressor motor. Similarly, air conditioners, power tools, and other motorized devices display this characteristic.
The calculation instrument must incorporate surge wattage alongside the running wattage of all appliances to be powered simultaneously. Common practice involves summing the running wattage of all appliances and then adding the largest single surge wattage demand to the total. Some sophisticated calculation tools account for staggered startup times, which reduces the potential for all appliances to surge simultaneously. However, erring on the side of caution and assuming concurrent surges is generally recommended for safety and reliability. Neglecting surge wattage in the power calculation constitutes a significant error that undermines the accuracy and utility of the instrument.
In summary, surge wattage represents a distinct and essential component that any reliable power assessment tool must address. Proper incorporation of this factor ensures that the chosen generator possesses adequate capacity to handle the transient power demands of connected appliances, preventing overload and guaranteeing stable, uninterrupted power delivery. The practical significance of understanding surge wattage lies in safeguarding both the generator and connected devices from potential damage, leading to improved operational efficiency and extended equipment lifespan.
3. Simultaneous operation
Simultaneous operation represents a core consideration when employing an appliance wattage calculator for generator sizing. The efficacy of such a calculator hinges on accurately determining the aggregate power demand imposed by multiple appliances functioning concurrently. Underestimating the number of devices likely to operate at any given time leads to selecting an undersized generator, potentially causing overload, voltage drops, and damage to both the generator and the connected appliances. For instance, a household may require a generator to power a refrigerator, lighting, a television, and a sump pump during a power outage. The calculator must account for the combined wattage of all these devices operating at once, factoring in surge wattage as applicable. Ignoring simultaneous operation results in an incomplete and potentially hazardous assessment of power requirements.
The instrument’s utility extends beyond simple addition of individual appliance wattages. Sophisticated calculation tools enable the user to specify which appliances are likely to operate simultaneously and at what frequency. This allows for a more nuanced estimate of power demand, preventing the purchase of an unnecessarily large and expensive generator. Real-world scenarios necessitate such detailed analysis. A construction site, for example, might require a generator to power multiple power tools, lighting, and a compressor, but not all devices operate constantly or concurrently. A careful analysis of operational patterns enables the selection of a generator that meets peak demand without excessive over-sizing. In remote medical clinics, the simultaneous use of diagnostic equipment, lighting, and refrigeration units dictates the generators capacity to ensure consistent delivery of essential services.
In conclusion, simultaneous operation forms an integral component in employing an appliance wattage calculator for generators. Accurate prediction of concurrent appliance usage prevents generator overload, ensures reliable power delivery, and optimizes generator size for specific applications. Overlooking this element undermines the entire process, potentially leading to equipment damage, operational inefficiencies, and compromised safety. Precise consideration of simultaneous operation enables users to make informed decisions regarding generator selection, maximizing performance and minimizing risks associated with inadequate power capacity.
4. Generator capacity
Generator capacity, measured in watts or kilowatts, represents the maximum power output a generator can deliver. Its selection directly correlates with the results obtained from an appliance wattage calculation instrument. The instrument aggregates the power requirements of all intended devices, providing a total wattage figure. This figure then dictates the minimum acceptable generator capacity. Selecting a generator with insufficient capacity relative to the calculated appliance wattage results in generator overload, potential equipment damage, and power outages. Conversely, choosing a generator with excessive capacity leads to increased cost, fuel consumption, and operational inefficiency. For instance, if an appliance wattage calculation indicates a total power requirement of 3500 watts, the selected generator must possess a capacity of at least 3500 watts, and ideally more, to account for surge wattage and safety margins. This capacity is a direct and critical consequence of the appliance wattage calculation.
The relationship between the instrument output and generator capacity is not merely about matching numerical values. Understanding generator capacity also involves recognizing the difference between continuous and peak power ratings. Many generators have a lower continuous power rating, representing the power they can deliver consistently over extended periods, and a higher peak power rating, representing the maximum power they can deliver for short durations. The appliance wattage calculation must therefore consider both continuous and surge requirements to ensure the generator can handle both normal operation and startup surges without exceeding its capacity. Consider a scenario where the total running wattage is 3000 watts, but the surge wattage of one appliance reaches 1500 watts. A generator with a continuous rating of 3500 watts and a peak rating of 4500 watts may be suitable, while a generator with only a 3500-watt rating would likely overload during the surge.
In conclusion, generator capacity is inextricably linked to the results derived from an appliance wattage calculator. The accuracy of the calculator directly impacts the appropriate generator size selection. Proper generator capacity selection, guided by the appliance wattage calculation, ensures reliable power delivery, prevents equipment damage, and optimizes operational efficiency. Choosing a generator of appropriate capacity is not merely an economic decision but also a safety imperative, minimizing the risks associated with overload and ensuring consistent power during critical situations. The instrument’s output informs the necessary capacity, underscoring their interdependent relationship in power system design.
5. Safety margins
The appliance wattage calculator for generator plays a crucial role in determining the necessary generator size for a given application. However, the raw wattage calculation alone is insufficient for ensuring safe and reliable operation. Safety margins, representing extra generator capacity beyond the calculated minimum, are essential for mitigating risks associated with unforeseen power demands, inaccurate appliance wattage estimations, and generator performance degradation over time. These margins serve as a buffer against overload and potential damage to both the generator and connected appliances. The absence of adequate safety margins increases the probability of generator failure, voltage instability, and shortened equipment lifespan.For instance, if an instrument yields a total wattage requirement of 4000 watts, incorporating a 20% safety margin dictates selecting a generator with a capacity of at least 4800 watts. This extra capacity accommodates potential fluctuations in appliance power consumption and ensures the generator operates comfortably within its design limits, reducing strain and extending its service life.
The implementation of safety margins extends beyond simple wattage addition. It also involves considering the operating environment and the criticality of the powered load. Generators operating in high ambient temperatures or at high altitudes experience reduced power output. Increasing the safety margin compensates for these environmental factors. Similarly, if the generator powers critical equipment such as medical devices or emergency lighting, a more substantial safety margin is warranted to ensure uninterrupted power supply. Certain appliances, particularly those with variable loads or complex electronic controls, may draw more power than indicated on their nameplates, necessitating a higher safety margin to accommodate these unpredictable surges. The safety margin also protects against the gradual degradation of generator components, such as alternators and engines, which can reduce overall power output over time.
In summary, safety margins are an indispensable component of the appliance wattage calculator for generator process. They translate the calculated wattage requirement into a robust and reliable generator selection, accounting for real-world uncertainties and operational conditions. Implementing these margins requires a thorough understanding of the application, the operating environment, and the criticality of the load. While the appliance wattage calculation establishes a baseline, the incorporation of appropriate safety margins elevates the entire process from a simple wattage assessment to a comprehensive power system design, minimizing risks and maximizing the operational lifespan of both the generator and the connected appliances. Failure to account for adequate safety margins represents a critical oversight that compromises the reliability and longevity of the entire power system.
6. Extension cords
Extension cords introduce a critical factor in the context of appliance wattage calculation for generator use. While the appliance wattage calculation determines the total power demand, the extension cord’s characteristics dictate whether that power can be delivered efficiently and safely to the connected devices. An inadequate extension cord, defined by gauge and length, can induce voltage drop, overheating, and potential fire hazards, effectively negating the accuracy of the initial wattage calculation. For instance, a long, thin extension cord used to power a high-wattage appliance, such as a power saw, can experience a significant voltage drop. This voltage drop reduces the power available to the saw, causing it to operate inefficiently and potentially damaging the motor. The wattage calculated for the saw is only relevant if the extension cord can deliver that wattage at the required voltage. The use of improper extension cords compromises the entire system, rendering the initial calculations effectively meaningless.
Furthermore, the length of the extension cord and its gauge (thickness) influence its power-carrying capacity. Longer cords and thinner gauges result in increased resistance, leading to greater voltage drop and heat generation. Extension cord ampacity ratings exist to guide proper selection based on the intended load and cord length. If the extension cord’s ampacity is lower than the current drawn by the connected appliance, the cord will overheat, posing a significant fire risk. A real-world example is the use of a light-duty extension cord to power a space heater. The heater draws significant current, exceeding the cord’s ampacity. The cord overheats, potentially melting the insulation and causing a fire. Thus, simply calculating appliance wattage is insufficient; the entire power delivery system, including extension cords, must be considered.
In conclusion, extension cords are integral to the successful application of appliance wattage calculations for generator systems. The initial wattage calculation provides the baseline for determining power needs, but the extension cord acts as a conduit, and its capacity must match or exceed those needs. Selecting an appropriate extension cord based on length, gauge, and ampacity is paramount to prevent voltage drop, overheating, and fire hazards. Overlooking the characteristics of extension cords undermines the entire power system design, compromising both safety and operational efficiency. Therefore, the selection of suitable extension cords is not a trivial afterthought, but a critical component of a safe and effective generator-powered setup.
7. Fuel consumption
Fuel consumption is intrinsically linked to appliance wattage calculation for generator applications. The accuracy of the wattage calculation directly influences the fuel efficiency of the generator. Overestimating or underestimating the required power leads to suboptimal generator operation, resulting in increased fuel consumption or potential damage to the connected equipment. Therefore, precise wattage assessment is crucial for efficient generator operation and minimizing fuel costs.
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Generator Load and Fuel Efficiency
Generators exhibit varying fuel efficiency levels depending on their load. Most generators operate most efficiently when loaded between 50% and 75% of their rated capacity. An appliance wattage calculation that accurately reflects the load ensures the generator operates within this optimal range, minimizing fuel consumption per unit of power produced. If the calculated load is significantly lower than the generator’s capacity, the generator will operate inefficiently, consuming more fuel than necessary. Conversely, overloading the generator, due to an underestimation of appliance wattage, leads to increased stress on the engine and potentially higher fuel consumption as it struggles to meet the demand.
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Inverter Generators and Variable Load
Inverter generators offer improved fuel efficiency, particularly when operating at partial loads. These generators adjust engine speed based on the power demand, reducing fuel consumption when fewer appliances are running. An accurate appliance wattage calculation remains essential, as it allows users to select an inverter generator sized appropriately for their needs. Selecting a generator with excessive capacity, even an inverter type, results in inefficient operation if the typical load is consistently low. The wattage calculation informs the choice between a conventional and an inverter generator based on the anticipated load profile.
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Generator Sizing and Long-Term Fuel Costs
The appliance wattage calculation is a key determinant of the appropriate generator size. The initial purchase price of a generator is only one component of the total cost of ownership. Fuel costs constitute a significant portion of the overall expenses, especially for generators used frequently or for extended periods. Accurately sizing the generator based on the appliance wattage calculation minimizes long-term fuel consumption and reduces operational costs. An oversized generator incurs higher fuel costs regardless of the actual load, while an undersized generator may require premature replacement due to frequent overloading.
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Fuel Type and Consumption Rates
Different generator fuel types (gasoline, diesel, propane, natural gas) exhibit varying energy densities and combustion efficiencies. The appliance wattage calculation does not directly determine the fuel type, but it informs the anticipated fuel consumption rate for a given generator. Once the generator size is determined based on the wattage calculation, the expected fuel consumption rate can be estimated based on the generator’s specifications and the type of fuel used. This information is crucial for planning fuel supplies for extended power outages or remote operations. Accurate wattage assessment prevents underestimating fuel needs, ensuring continuous power availability.
The relationship between appliance wattage calculation and fuel consumption is multifaceted. The accuracy of the wattage calculation directly affects generator sizing, loading, and fuel efficiency. Precise wattage assessment enables informed decisions regarding generator type, fuel selection, and long-term operational costs. By optimizing generator operation, based on accurate wattage assessment, fuel consumption is minimized, reducing both environmental impact and operational expenses. The calculator, therefore, is not simply about determining power needs; it’s an integral tool for efficient and sustainable generator utilization.
8. Load balancing
Load balancing, in the context of generator operation, refers to the distribution of electrical loads across the available phases of a generator to ensure balanced power draw and prevent overloading of any single phase. While an appliance wattage calculator determines the total power requirement, load balancing addresses the distribution of that power, optimizing generator performance and prolonging its operational lifespan. An accurate wattage calculation is a prerequisite for effective load balancing, providing the foundation for distributing the load appropriately.
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Phase Imbalance and Generator Stress
Uneven distribution of electrical load across the phases of a generator creates phase imbalance. This imbalance can lead to overheating of the generator windings, reduced efficiency, voltage instability, and shortened equipment lifespan. For example, if a generator is connected to several appliances, but the majority of the high-wattage appliances are connected to a single phase, that phase will experience excessive current draw, potentially damaging the generator. Correct load balancing prevents this by distributing the load evenly across all available phases. The appliance wattage calculator enables informed decisions about load distribution, providing the data necessary to avoid phase imbalances.
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Voltage Regulation and Power Quality
Load balancing contributes to improved voltage regulation and power quality. A balanced load ensures that each phase of the generator operates at or near its nominal voltage, minimizing voltage fluctuations and providing a stable power supply to connected appliances. Unbalanced loads can cause significant voltage drops on heavily loaded phases, leading to malfunctioning or damage to sensitive electronic equipment. By distributing the load evenly, load balancing maintains consistent voltage levels, improving power quality and protecting connected devices. An appliance wattage calculator facilitates this by providing the necessary information for distributing appliances across phases in a balanced manner.
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Optimal Generator Performance and Efficiency
Proper load balancing maximizes generator performance and efficiency. A balanced load allows the generator to operate at its designed power factor, optimizing fuel consumption and minimizing wear and tear on the engine and alternator. Conversely, an unbalanced load reduces generator efficiency and increases fuel consumption, as the generator has to work harder to maintain voltage stability. The appliance wattage calculator provides the data needed to achieve optimal loading, leading to increased fuel efficiency and prolonged generator lifespan.
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Safety and Equipment Protection
Load balancing enhances safety and protects both the generator and connected appliances. Overloading a single phase can cause overheating, insulation breakdown, and potentially fire. By distributing the load evenly, load balancing reduces the risk of overheating and prevents damage to the generator windings. It also protects connected appliances from voltage fluctuations and power surges, extending their operational lifespan. Accurate appliance wattage calculations, combined with effective load balancing, create a safer and more reliable power system.
In summary, load balancing is an essential consideration in generator operation, complementing the appliance wattage calculation process. While the wattage calculation determines the total power demand, load balancing ensures that this power is distributed evenly across the generator phases, optimizing performance, enhancing safety, and prolonging equipment lifespan. The appliance wattage calculator provides the fundamental data for effective load balancing, enabling users to make informed decisions about load distribution and prevent phase imbalances, voltage instability, and premature equipment failure. Correct load balancing is a critical factor in maximizing the value and reliability of a generator system.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the proper utilization and interpretation of instruments designed to calculate appliance wattage for generator sizing. It aims to clarify potential misconceptions and provide guidance for accurate generator selection.
Question 1: Why is an appliance wattage calculation necessary before selecting a generator?
Determining the total power demand of all intended appliances is crucial to prevent generator overload. Overloading a generator can cause damage to both the generator and connected appliances. The calculation ensures the generator’s capacity adequately meets the operational needs.
Question 2: What is the difference between running wattage and surge wattage, and why is it important?
Running wattage represents the continuous power consumption of an appliance during normal operation. Surge wattage refers to the significantly higher power demand required during the initial startup of certain appliances, particularly those with motors. Ignoring surge wattage leads to selecting a generator that cannot handle the startup load, resulting in potential equipment damage.
Question 3: How does simultaneous operation affect generator sizing?
The simultaneous operation of multiple appliances increases the total power demand. An accurate calculation must consider which appliances are likely to operate concurrently and sum their wattage requirements to determine the necessary generator capacity. Underestimating simultaneous operation leads to selecting an undersized generator.
Question 4: What safety margin should be added to the calculated wattage requirement?
A safety margin, typically 10-20% of the calculated wattage, provides a buffer against unforeseen power demands, inaccurate appliance wattage estimations, and generator performance degradation over time. It ensures the generator operates comfortably within its design limits, reducing strain and extending its lifespan.
Question 5: Do extension cords impact the accuracy of the appliance wattage calculation?
Yes, an inadequate extension cord, defined by gauge and length, can induce voltage drop, reducing the power available to the connected appliances. Using extension cords with insufficient ampacity ratings can also lead to overheating and potential fire hazards. The extension cord’s characteristics must be considered to ensure efficient and safe power delivery.
Question 6: How does the appliance wattage calculation affect generator fuel consumption?
The accuracy of the wattage calculation directly influences the fuel efficiency of the generator. Optimizing the load ensures the generator operates within its most efficient range, minimizing fuel consumption. An oversized or undersized generator operates inefficiently, leading to increased fuel costs.
In summary, the appliance wattage calculation provides a foundational basis for proper generator sizing, but further factors, such as surge wattage, simultaneous operation, safety margins, extension cords, and load balancing, must be considered for safe and efficient operation.
The next section will delve into specific methodologies for accurately determining individual appliance wattage requirements.
Tips for Effective Utilization
Optimizing the utility of the appliance wattage calculation tool necessitates meticulous attention to detail and a thorough understanding of the factors influencing power demand. The following tips serve to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the generator selection process.
Tip 1: Verify Appliance Wattage Information. Always consult the appliance nameplate or manufacturer’s specifications for precise wattage information. Avoid relying on generic estimates, as wattage can vary significantly between models and brands.
Tip 2: Account for Surge Wattage Realistically. While surge wattage is critical, avoid overestimating it. Consult manufacturer’s specifications or utilize a surge wattage meter for accurate measurements. Overestimating surge wattage can lead to selecting an unnecessarily large and expensive generator.
Tip 3: Analyze Simultaneous Appliance Usage Patterns. Conduct a realistic assessment of which appliances are likely to operate concurrently. Consider typical usage scenarios and avoid assuming all appliances will operate simultaneously at maximum power.
Tip 4: Implement a Comprehensive Safety Margin. Incorporate a safety margin of at least 10-20% beyond the calculated wattage requirement to accommodate unforeseen power demands and generator performance degradation. Increase the safety margin for critical applications or harsh operating environments.
Tip 5: Select Appropriate Extension Cords. Choose extension cords with adequate gauge and length to minimize voltage drop and prevent overheating. Consult ampacity charts to ensure the cord’s capacity exceeds the appliance’s current draw.
Tip 6: Balance Loads Across Generator Phases (if applicable). For generators with multiple phases, distribute the electrical load evenly to prevent phase imbalance and optimize generator performance. Consult a qualified electrician for assistance with load balancing.
Tip 7: Monitor Generator Performance Regularly. Periodically check the generator’s voltage and frequency output to ensure it is operating within acceptable limits. Address any deviations promptly to prevent equipment damage.
Tip 8: Conduct Periodic Recalculations. Regularly reassess the appliance wattage requirements, particularly after adding or removing appliances from the system. This ensures the generator remains appropriately sized for the evolving power demand.
Adhering to these guidelines enhances the accuracy and effectiveness of the tool, leading to improved generator selection, enhanced operational efficiency, and minimized risk of equipment damage. Employing a systematic approach to power assessment promotes reliable and sustainable generator utilization.
Having established these practical guidelines, the subsequent concluding segment summarizes the critical concepts of appliance wattage calculation for generator sizing.
Conclusion
The examination of “appliance wattage calculator for generator” underscores its critical role in ensuring the safe and efficient utilization of portable power sources. Accurate determination of power requirements, encompassing both running and surge wattage, forms the bedrock of appropriate generator sizing. Factors such as simultaneous appliance operation, the implementation of safety margins, and the selection of appropriate extension cords directly influence the reliability and longevity of the entire power system.
The effective deployment of such instruments necessitates a diligent approach, incorporating precise appliance wattage data, realistic usage scenarios, and a comprehensive understanding of generator limitations. A failure to adequately assess these parameters compromises equipment safety, diminishes operational efficiency, and potentially leads to catastrophic system failure. Therefore, the responsible application of “appliance wattage calculator for generator” remains paramount for any scenario involving generator-dependent power delivery.
